System of draining



Nov. 5, 1929. F. A. PIKE SYSTEM OF DRAINING Filed Jan. 17, 192e 2 Sheets-Sheet l zu x INVENTOR TITE- 5 fhg/A P We 722, ATTORNEY Nov. 5, 1929. A.., A P'I'KE l 1,734,777

SYSTEM OF DRAINING n l n Filed Jan. 17, 1.928 2 sheets-sheer. 2 fzrlzp i I INVENTOR f 157mm@ A? @we ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 5, 1929 FRANK A. PIKE, or RocHEs'rER, NEW YORK t SYSTEM or DRAINING Application led 'January-17, l19228.' Serial No.V 247,395.

The present invention relates to a system of -draining,an'object thereof being to keep a cellar or basement floor perfectly dry under any and all conditions of the earth under thelioorand that surroundingthe foundation A further object of the invention is the l0- cation of a drain in such relation tofa founda-V tion wall that vwater seeping through fissures or in anyway passing under and in proximity to the wall willbe carried ofi" by thefdrainand hus preventedffrom rising-under the cellar A further object of the invention is to afford communication whereby any water seeping through the wallswill be carried o by the jdrain andprevented from running over the oor. f f v And, ya still further object of the invention isvthe provision Vof-'a ypositive but inexpensive draining system `for the purpose speci'- edwhich `is not only adapted for installation when the foundation ofa ybuilding is under construction lout, also, in buildings constructed previous to such installations. y

To theseuand other ends the inventionconfy sists of a system of drainingas will be fully setV forth in thefollowing description and particularly defined in the appended claims. Af

The vaccompanying drawings illustrating the invention and forming-a part of the speci-L fication areas follows;

Figure risa=` horizontal sectional view through vthe foundation wall of a building.

cquippedfwith a drain system in accordance withthis invention, vand Twhichis of the modiiicationcof the invention particularly adapted for use in old buildings, that is, in buildings. constructed previous to the installation of thedrainsystem. l v r Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical'sectionjal view of the4 mud trapinto whichy the-.drain dis-` charges andwhich has a "sewer connection'.V

` Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional detail, as on the line 3 3, Fig. .1', throughv the foundation wall, the cellarfloor Vandthe drain.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentarysectionalview similar to Fie. Shut shown in perspective and 'they methodil ustrated being .a modification ofthe invention from that shown in Figsl and 3,.

joining drain tile. i Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional detail as yon the line 6-6, Fig. 8, but showing the modification ofthe invention employed when the wall is of hollow blockconstruction.

Fig. 7, is a sectional detail on the line 7--7, Fig. 6.y And, Fig. 8 is a plan view of acellar or Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail of two adfoundation wall but showing the modifica tion and coming up through defective places inthe floors.- In order to overcomethese troubles it has beensuggested to seal the walls in one way :or another, and it has` also v been a ipractice to lay draintile adjacent the foot-'i Y ing ofthe walls, the latter method, however,

often being ineffective owing to the improper Y placing of thedrain Vwith respect tothe walls.

The weight of a buildingcompresses the earth for severalyfeet directly under the foundation so as to form an effective seal against water passing through such earth; However7 fissures often occur in the-earthand water s'eepino down in'proXimity to the wall finds these ssures and followingy them comes up again kthrough thesoft-'earth underthe floor.

Then, if'there are any cracks orporous spots, inl the; floor the result is a wet cellar.,v

' In accomplishing this invention I provide a drain conduit whichlies. under thecellar floor and adjacentbut :below the bottom of the Vfooting of .the foundationwall,.this'conf duit beingendlessand paralleling the wall. In old buildings, or rather those in which the system is installed afterlconstructifon ofthe l' 1GO i buildings, ,communication y te y the drain is afforded from the floor level inside of and adjacent the 'foundation wall, and when the system is installed at the time of construction of the buildings this communication to the drain isV afforded from approximately thel kfloor level but from the outside of the wall.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, which show the modification of the invention as installed in buildings constructedprevious to such installation,the numeral 1 represents a continuous pocket or channel formed just inside of the footing 2 of a foundation wall 3, the bottom of this channel being below that ofthe footing so that a drain is provided for any water seeping through the earth under and in' proximity to the footing. As a conduit for the water porous tile 4 is laid in the channel 1, this tile preferably being what is known to the trade as farm tile, and the depth of the channel is such that this conduit is also below thebottom of the footing 2.v This channel 1 has communication through a restricted opening or "channel 5 in the floor, preferably against the wall 3 as illustrated, and both the channel 1 and the restricted opening 5 are filled at 6 with cinders, crushed stone or other suitable insoluble materialA which permits water to readily filter therethrough and pass through the porous wall of the tile. The joints of abutting tile sections may be covered with pieces 7 of fabric or sheet metal to prevent stone or other foreign substance from y getting into the conduit and stopping the I' VVtionof the drain at a level below theffooting 2, and against getting onto the floor because passage. Y

o From the foregoing itv will be observed that any water seepi'ng under the footing 2 will u be carried off by the conduit 4, and, also, thatV any water seeping through the wall 3 will run into the channel 5 and likewise be' carried off by the conduit. Y against getting 4under ytheY floor 8 by the loca of the channel 5 which conducts into the drain 1 any water passing through the wall 3.

i pipell to the sewer 12, a backwater trap.

VThe conduit 4 discharges through a lateral 1 connection 9 into a mud trap 10 of known construction sunk` into, the cellar bottom, and,

from such trap thewater passes .through a 13 also of knownv construction and operation being interposed inthe pipe 11 between themud trap andjthesewer. A'removable cover 14 is shown as a closure for the mud trap 10. This modification of the invention may be installed whenthebuilding is under construc- '66 tionI but if installed'in a building previously constructe'da portion 84j of the iioor 8r is dug up to permit digging the channel land placel ing the conduit 4 and fillingG, after whichthe Hoor again relaid to within a few inchesy `of the Ywall 3 so as to form the narrow chanrllhus, water is blocked nel 5 which is also filled with the filtering material 6.

In'Fig. 4 there is shown a modification of the invention in which the cellar floor 8 adjacent the wall 3 is formed with a channel 8b, the bottom of such channel having spaced openings 15 through which water falling into the channel 8" is conducted tothe channel 1 and thence to the conduit 4.

Refer no w to Figs., 6, 7, and 8.

In this modification of the invention, and also in theiones hereinbefore described if installed during construction of the building, it is recommended that the cellar ioor shown at 16 be 'laid 0n an approximately three inch layer 17 of cinders or Vthe like, the wall 18 resting upon the footing 19 in thek usual manner. V

Before the oor is laid a continuous pocket or channel 20 is-formed just inside the footing 19, such pocket being similar to and for the same purpose as the, channel 1 hereinabove described except that the channel 20T hasno channel 5 or other drainage communi-y cation'through the floor, the latter preferably being continuous to the wall 18. Y Lying in the bottom of the vchannel 20 is -an-endless conduit 21 of drain tile, this preferably being on a level plane below that of the bottom of the footing 19.I l

Above the footing 19 but in lproximity thereto and also to the outer fac-e of the wall 18 and at substantially the floor level is a second or outer endless'conduit 22 of drain tile which is parallel to the conduit 21 on all sides of the wall, a space or pocket23 surrounding the tile and preferably extending Y f constitute t-ile sections connecting the two channels 23and 1, such laterals preferably being equally spaced, arranged on an incline and embeddedin thefconcrete footing 19.Y

The outer ends `of the laterals are conformed to the curvature of the tile 22 so that water carried through the laterals will come directly'` from the conduit 22and such conduit will block the admission of foreign substance into the laterals. Water entering the channel 1 kfrom the laterals 25 or otherwise seepingj thereinto will be carried off by the draincon-` duit21. Y l A u The outer face of the wall 18 is water` proofed in' any suitable manner, such waterproof coating being indicated at 26. In the event, however, of water seeping through the wall and asa further protection when suchA wall is of hollow block construction, a third or intermediate conduit 27 is placed at the` fissures under the footing will pass into the channel; that in one instance additional coininunication or drainage into this channel is through a Communicating channel opening through the cellar floor adjacent the cellar wall; that, in another instance, such communication is through laterals embedded in the foundation footing which lead from a channely or pocket filled with cinders or crushed stone and surrounding the foundation wall; that an endless conduit of drain tile is laid in the outer channel at substantiallythe floor level and that a like conduit is laid in the inner channel below the bottom of the footing, the first named communicating through said laterals to the second named, and the latter having connection through a mud trap and a back water valve to a sewer; and that, in the event of the wall being of hollow block construction and the outer and iiiner conduit system used, a third drain conduit of tile is embedded in the footing at the bottom of the wall and in such position as to intersect and discharge into said laterals. It will of course be understood that when the system shown and described with reference to Figs. 6, l7 and 8 is used with a concrete or stone wall of solid construction, the intermediate drain conduit 27 is not employed.

It may also be added that with the herein described system of draining the water is assisted in draining from the soil adjacent a building and simply collected and diverted in its passage so as to prevent it from getting into a cellar and over the floor, while heretofore, to my knowledge, the methods employed havebeen such as to repel the water.

What I claim is: Y

l. A systeml of draining, for thepurpose specified, which includes a Vdrain channel under a cellar Hoor adjacent and parallel to the footing ofthe foundation wall, a second drain channel parallel to the first named but outside of said wall and at a level above that Y of the first named channel a'filtering Ymate- 'rial such as crushed stone as a filling for both nel under said fioor filled with a filtering material suchas crushed stone, such channel being adjacent land-parallel to the said foot-V ingwithv its bottom below ythat ofthe footing,

a secoiid` channel adjacent said'wall and also neawithfa; niteringmateriai, watereonnee; ti'o'n -be'tv'v'v'e'eii the two channels, 'and an outlet from the first named channel.

systemfofdraining which includes; invcombination with: a foundation wall, a footing forthe wall, and a cellar floor, a

channel under said floor filled with a filterf ing` material such as crushed stone, such channel being adjacent and parallel to the t said footingv with its bottom below that of the footing, a second channel adjacent but outside of said wall and also filled with a filtering material, a water conduit between the two channels and extending on an incline through said footing, and a sewer connection leading from the lower or first named channel.

4. A system of draining which includes, in combination with a foundation wall, a footing for the wall, and a cellar fioor, an inner conduit of drain tile under said floor and adjacent andv parallel to said footing but on a level below the bottom of the footing, an outer conduit of drain tile adjacent but outside of said wall and at substantially the floor level, filtering material such as crushed stone surrounding said conduits, lateral connections hetween the two conduits and arranged in said footing, and a. sewer connection leading from said inner conduit and including ay mud trap and a back water valve.

5. A system of draining in accordance with claim 4 characterized by said lateral connec- .hollow construction, a footing for the wall,

and a cellar floor, an inner conduit of drain tile under said floor and adjacent and parallel` to said footing but on a level below the bottom of the footing, an outer conduit of drain tile but outside of said wall and at substantially the floorlevel, filtering material such as crushed stone, surrounding said conduits, t

lateral connections between the two conduits and arranged insaid footing, an intermediate conduit of drain tile embedded in said footing at the bottom of said wall, suchv latter conduit intersecting and opening into said lateral connections, and a sewer connection leading from'said inner conduit.

7. .A system of draining in accordance with claim 4f characterized by said lateral connections being tilel sections embedded in and ex- Y tending on an incline through said footing,

and said tile sections at their outer ends being conformed to the curvature of the tile of the outer conduit.

8. A system of draining, for'the purpose specified, which includes a channell under aV cellar floor adjacent and parallel to the footing of the foundation Wall, a ltering material such as crushed stone as a filling for said channel, a drain adjacent and parallel to the cellar Wall at the flooif level, a' Waterconnection between the drain and said channel, and an outlet from. the channel, the bottom of the channel being below that of the footing.

FRANK A. PIKE. 

